Uloga tioredoksina u adaptaciji stanice na oksidativni stres

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The role of thioredoxin in cell adaptation to oxidative stress
• Author: Andrea Hloušek-Kasun
• Mentor: Ita Gruić Sovulj (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Oksidativni stres predstavlja pomak ravnoteže u staničnim oksidativno-redukcijskim reakcijama u smjeru oksidacije, a nastaje ukoliko dođe do prevelike produkcije slobodnih kisikovih radikala. Slobodni kisikovi radikali mogu nastati pod utjecajem vanjskih ili unutarnjih čimbenika, a najčešće su produkt mitohondrijskog oksidativnog metabolizma. Oksidativni stres može izazvati teška oštećenja različitih makromolekula, te tako dovesti do stanične smrti. U svrhu sprječavanja oksidativnih oštećenja makromolekula, stanice su razvile različite obrambene mehanizme od kojih su najvažnija dva sustava: tioredoksinski i glutation/glutaredoksinski sustav. Tioredoksin sustav koji se sastoji od: tioredoksina, tioredoksin-reduktaze i NADPH, je zastupljen u svim organizmima od Arheja do čovjeka. Različite fiziološke funkcije tioredoksina u različitim tipovima organizama evoluirale su od zajedničke osnovne reakcije do velikog broja različitih specijaliziranih funkcija. Njegova osnovna, očuvana uloga je uloga donora vodika za različite reduktivne enzime. Tioredoksin štiti stanicu uništavajući reaktivne kisikove radikale putem različitih direktnih i indirektnih mehanizama. Još uvijek nisu otkrivene sve uloge tioredoksina kao ni svi enzimi i sustavi koji s njim ulaze u interakciju u svrhu smanjenja oksidativnog stresa.

Abstract (english)

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between cell oxido-reductive reactions in favour of oxidation. It is a result of uncontroled production of reactive oxygen species. The creation of free radicals can be initiated by exogenous or endogenous factors. Mainly, they are product of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Oxidative stress can induce severe macromolecular damage which can be deleterious for the cell. Two molecular systems responsible for protecting cellular macromolecules from damage induced by ROS and elecrofilic species, were identified together in many organisms: thioredoxin and glutathione/glutaredoxin system. The thioredoxin system comprises thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and NADPH, and is ubiquitous from Archea to man. The physiological functions of thioredoxins in different types of organisms have evolved from a common fundamental reaction to large number of different specialized functions. Its main and conserved role is to provide hydrogen for various reductive enzymes. Thioredoxin protects cell against oxidative stress by scavenging ROS trough a variety of direct or indirect mechanisms. There is a growing number of its distinct functions and participation in various macromolecular systems that play important role in oxidative stress.

• Keywords: oksidativni stres; tioredoksin
• Keywords (english): oxidative stress; thioredoxin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:055452
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-15 09:59:47