Kleptoparazitizam: ima li ''opsesivnih kradljivaca'' u životinjskom svijetu?

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Kleptoparasitism: are there ''obssesive stealers'' in the animal world?
• Author: Nina Telenta
• Mentor: Ivančica Ternjej (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Kleptoparazitizam je oblik hranjenja u kojem jedinka krade hranu (plijen) koji je druga jedinka ulovila. Kleptoparazitizam je široko rasprostranjen u životinjskom svijetu, ali među pticama nalazimo (Aves) najveći broj kleptoparazita. Kleptoparaziti su oportunisti koji koriste krađu kao oruđe da bi došli do hrane. U situacijama gdje su kleptoparaziti u mogućnosti ukrasti hranu od neke druge jedinke, oni će to napraviti ako procijene da je korist krađe veća od potencijalnih gubitaka. U takvim opasnim radnjama moguće su ozljede kleptoparazita pa čak i smrt od strane domaćina. Domaćini koriste nekoliko načina da spriječe krađu,a najčešće se upuštaju u sukob s kleptoparazitom. No, postoje slučajevi gdje je domaćinu nepovoljno braniti svoj plijen te izabire podijeliti ili prepustiti plijen bez borbe. To se najčešće javlja kada je kleptoparazit veći od domaćina, primjerice kada je kleptoparazit ptica grabljivica koja je u mogućnosti usmrtiti domaćina. Obligatni kleptoparaziti predstavljaju iznimno rijedak slučaj, najčešće zato što domaćin ne uviđa kleptoparazita kao sebi štetnu jedinku (slučaj pauka Curimagua bayano na domaćinu Diplura sp.).

Abstract (english)

Kleptoparasitism is a form of feeding in which an organism is stealing food (prey) that has been caught by another organism. This behaviour is widely seen throughout the animal world, but birds (class Aves) contain by far the biggest number of these thiefs. Kleptoparasites are opportunists that use theft as a tool to acquire food. In situations where kleptoparasites can steal food from another organism, they will do it if they estimate that the benefits of stealing are higher than those of potential losses. In these dangerous actions injuries and even death can be afflicted to the kleptoparasites by the host. However, there are cases where the host is not defending its prey, thus choosing to share or give up the food without a fight. This is most common when the kleptoparasite is larger than the host: - birds of prey are able to kill the host. Obligate type of kleptoparasitism is very rare manly because the host doesn't register the kleptoparasite as a harmful being (case of the spiders Curimagua bayano and their host Diplura sp.).

• Keywords: kleptoparazitizam; kleptoparaziti
• Keywords (english): kleptoparasitism; kleptoparasites
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:706114
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-18 13:55:04