Domestifikacija životinja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Animal domestification
• Author: Matija Opašić
• Mentor: Milorad Mrakovčić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2010, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Domestifikacija životinja je jedan od najznačajnijih događaja u ljudskoj povijesti. Omogućila je prijelaz iz lovačko-sakupljačkog života u sjedilački, a to je vodilo prema brzom napretku čovječanstva. Iz današnje perspektive se može samo nagađati je li taj proces bio svjestan. Najvjerojatniji uzroci su izumiranje velikih sisavaca te promjena klime prije nekih 10 000 godina. Ishodišne lokacije domestifikacije bile su prostor Plodnog polumjeseca te istočne Kine, ali novija istraživanja pokazuju da se proces za neke životinje odvijao nezavisno na više lokacija. Kako bi se životinja mogla domestificirati, potrebno je da ispunjava određene uvjete od kojih su ključni razmnožavanje u zatočeništvu te pitomost odnosno nedostatak straha u ljudskoj blizini. Proces varira od vrste do vrste no kod svih se pokazuju promjene u morfologiji, fiziologiji te ponašanju. Napredak u molekularnim tehnikama omogućio je novi pristup traženju predaka preko mtDNA, mikrosatelita teY kromosoma, koji već sada daju važne podatke i pokazuju koliko je proces kompliciran.

Abstract (english)

Animal domestification is one of the most significant events in human history. It has enabled transition from hunter-gatherer type of life to sedentary, and that has lead to fast progress of mankind. We can only guess if that process was conscious. The most probable reasons were extinction of big mammals and change of climate before approximately 10 000 years. Origin locations for domestification were Fertile Crescent and Eastern China, but new studies show that process was independent for some animals in more locations. There are some conditions that every specie has to fulfill so it could be domestificated, and crucial conditions are breeding in captivity and tameness/lack of fear in proximity of people. Process is different form specie to specie but they all show changes in morphology, physiology and behavior. Improvement in molecular techniques has enabled new approach in search for ancestors trough mtDNA, microsatellites and Y chromosome, and they already give valuable informations about complexity of domestification.

• Keywords: domestifikacija životinja
• Keywords (english): animal domestification
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:705994
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-03-28 12:28:09