Djelovanje i zloupotreba steroidnih hormona

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Affects and abuse of steroid hormones
• Author: Tea Škrtić
• Mentor: Dubravka Hranilović (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2010, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Steroidni hormoni vrlo su važna skupina hormona, te svi imaju zajednički ishodni spoj kolesterol. Najznačajniji su aldosteron, kortizol, estrogeni, progesteron i testosteron, koji djeluju na gotovo sve važne sustave u tijelu i održavaju homeostazu. Specifični su po tome što nastaju u određenoj žlijezdi, iz nje se izlučuju u krv te se vezani na proteine krvne plazme prenose do ciljnih organa gdje će djelovati. Svi steroidni hormoni regulirani su sustavom negativne povratne sprege, koja osigurava da je hormon prisutan uvijek u optimalnoj količini. Da bi započeli djelovanje, moraju ući u ciljnu stanicu. U njoj djeluju na povećanje sinteze bjelančevina, a učinak im nije trenutan, već odgođen za određeno vrijeme. Poremećaji izlučivanja mogu biti pretjerano ili pak nedostatno izlučivanje hormona. Pretjerano izlučivanje najčešće se liječi odstranjivanjem ili ozračivanjem žlijezde koja je zahvaćena bolešću. Smanjeno izlučivanje se nadomješta unosom farmaceutski proizvedenih steroidnih hormona, kako bi se nadoknadio manjak prirodne proizvodnje. Korisni učinci steroidnih hormona kod ubrzavanja metabolizma i povećanja mišićne mase ubrzo su iskorišteni kod treniranja vrhunskih i amaterskih sportaša u svrhu poboljšanja sportskih rezultata. Danas su androgeni steroidi u vrhunskom sportu strogo zabranjeni jer ne daju stvarnu sliku mogućnosti pojedinog sportaša, te uzrokuju brojne teške nuspojave koje ne samo da su štetne za zdravlje, već mogu biti i opasne za život ako se dugotrajno koriste.

Abstract (english)

Steroid hormones are very important group of hormones; and all are a common outcome combination of cholesterol. The most important are aldosterone, cortisol, estrogen, progesterone and testosterone, which operate at almost all the important systems in the body and maintain homeostasis. They are specific becouse they occur in a particular gland, are excreted to the blood and are bound to plasma proteins transferred to target organs where they will operate. All steroid hormones are regulated by negative feedback system, which ensures that the hormone is always present in optimal quantities. To initiate action, they must enter the target cells. There they work on increasing protein synthesis, and their effect is not immediate but delayed for some time. Excretion disorders may be excessive or inadequate secretion of hormones. Excessive secretion is usually treated by removing the gland or irradiation of a gland affected by illness. Reduced secretion compensates entering pharmaceutically produced steroid hormones, in order to compensate for the lack of natural production. Useful effects of steroid hormones with speeding up metabolism and increasing muscle mass are used by training elite and amateur athletes to improve sports results. Today, the androgenic steroids in elite sports is strictly prohibited because it does not give the actual capabilities of individual athletes, causing numerous serious side effects that are not only detrimental to health, but can be life threatening if they are used for a long period of time.

• Keywords: steroidni hormoni
• Keywords (english): steroid hormones
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:511659
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-04-04 09:46:48