Obojenost kože ljudi kao prilagodba na UV zračenje

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to UV radiation
• Author: Maja Sekelj
• Mentor: Ana Galov (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Pigmentacija ljudske kože nastala je kao rezultat prirodne selekcije koja se odvijala pod utjecajem dvaju čimbenika. U područjima visokog UV zračenja, blizu ekvatora, razvila se tamna pigmentacija kako bi se zaštitila folna kiselina, dok je do evolucije depigmentirane kože došlo u područjima s niskim UV zračenjem zbog potrebe održavanja proizvodnje vitamina D. Važnost očuvanja folne kiseline i sama proizvodnja vitamina D kako bi ljudsko tijelo normalno funkcioniralo je ogromna. Folna kiselina i vitamin D važni su za reproduktivni uspjeh. Između ekvatora i polova, između 23. i 46. stupnja geografske širine evoluirali su ljudi s konstitutivnom pigmentacijom koji mogu tamniti. Tamnjenje kože ili fakultativna pigmentacija je odličan evolucijski kompromis jer kada je intenzitet UVB zračenja niski, koža ostaje svjetlija da bi se mogao proizvoditi vitamin D u takvim uvjetima, a kako se poveća intenzitet UVB zračenja, ten postaje tamniji da bi se zaštitila folna kiselina od fotolize uzrokovane UV zračenjem. Pigmentacija ljudske kože predstavlja jedan od najboljih primjera evolucije prirodnom selekcijom te je savršen model za njeno učenje i razumijevanje.

Abstract (english)

Pigmentation of human skin is the result of natural selection, which took place under the influence of two factors. In areas of high UV radiation, near the equator, dark pigmentation has developed to protect folate, while the evolution of depigmented skin occured in areas with low UV radiation because of the need to maintain the production of vitamin D. The importance of preservation of folic acid and vitamin D production itself in the human body is huge. Between the equator and the poles, between 23 and 46 degrees of latitude, there evolved humans with constitutive pigmentation of tanable skin. Tanning or facultative pigmentation is a great evolutionary compromise because when the intensity of UVB radiation is low, the skin remains of lighter pigmentation so it could produce vitamin D under such conditions, and as intensity of UVB radiation is getting higher, tan is getting darker so it could protect folate acid from photolysis caused by UV radiation. Pigmentation of human skin is one of the best examples of evolution by natural selection and it is the perfect model for learning and understanding it.

• Keywords: pigmentacija ljudske kože; UV zračenje
• Keywords (english): pigmentation of human skin; UV radiation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:296782
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-04-27 09:26:58