Uloga učeničkih aktivnosti u nastavi informatike u osnovnoj i srednjim školama

master's thesis

• Author: Mario Curman
• Mentor: Goranka Nogo (mentor)
• Committee member: Goranka Nogo (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Saša Singer (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željka Milin-Šipuš (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Kazalicki (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Mathematics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-11-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Mathematics

Abstract

U ovom diplomskom radu bile su opisane učeničke aktivnosti u nastavi informatike u osnovnoj i srednjim školama. Aktivnosti, kao suvremeniji nastavni proces, obogaćuju nastavne metode te potiču učeničku kreativnost. Najvažniji produkt aktivnosti je što djeca istražujući razvijaju konceptualno znanje što za posljedicu ima dulje zadržavanje naučenog. U prvome poglavlju bile su opisane prednosti aktivnosti. Također, opisana su i dva primjera dobre prakse u svijetu, američki CSTA K-12 i engleski nacionalni kurikulum. Kod američkog nacionalnog kurikuluma dan je, bez prevođenja, jedan primjer aktivnosti koji se nalazi u tom dokumentu. U drugome poglavlju bile su navedene konkretne aktivnosti koje se mogu provesti u osnovnoj, a uz malu doradu i u srednjim školama. Aktivnosti su bile podijeljene u četiri dijela: matematičke osnove rada računala, algoritmi, grafički prikaz podataka i proračunske tablice. U poglavlju Matematičke osnove rada na računalu bile su opisane aktivnosti kojim učenici otkrivaju pojam bita, varijable te izvršavanja naredbi u računalu. U poglavlju Algoritmi bile su opisane aktivnosti kojim učenici otkrivaju najveći element nekog skupa, sortiranje umetanjem (Insertion sort) i binarno traženje. U poglavlju Grafički prikaz podataka bile su opisane aktivnosti kojima učenici otkrivaju stupčasti, kružni te linijski grafikon. U zadnjem poglavlju bile su opisane aktivnosti kojima učenici, u Excelu, otkrivaju postotak sniženja, prosječna vremena trkača te izračun mjesečnih plaća. Osim detaljnog tijeka aktivnosti, dana su i pitanja za diskusiju.

Abstract (english)

In this thesis are described student activities in computer science classes in primary and secondary schools. Activities, as a more contemporary learning process, enrich teaching methods and stimulate students' creativity. The most important outcome of introducing activities into class lies in the fact that children, by exploring, develop conceptual knowledge which results in enhanced long-term knowledge retention. The first chapter describes the benefits of introducing activities. In particular, two examples of good practice from around the world have been described, namely the American CSTA K.12 and the English national curriculum. In the case of the American national curriculum an example of activities from the respective document was presented, with no translation provided. In the following chapter concrete activities were listed which can be implemented in primary and, with a little refinement, secondary schools. The activities are divided in four parts: mathematical principles of computing, graphic representation of data and spreadsheets. The chapter Mathematical Principles of Computing outlines the activities by which the students discover the concepts of bit, variable and command execution in computing. The chapter entitled Algorithms focuses on the activities by which students discover the greatest element of a set, insertion sort and binary search. The chapter Graphic Representation of Data focuses on activities by which the students discover the bar, pie and line chart. The last chapter describes the activities by which the students discover discount percentage, average sprinters' times and monthly salary calculations in Excel. Beside providing a detailed description of activities, the paper also raises questions for discussion.

• Keywords: učeničke aktivnosti; nastava informatike; CSTA K-12; engleski nacionalni kurikulum; matematičke osnove rada na računalu; algoritmi; grafički prikaz podataka; proračunske tablice
• Keywords (english): student activities; computer science classes; CSTA K-12; English national curriculum; mathematical principles of computing; algorithms; graphic representation of data; calculation tables
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:749394
• Study programme: Title: Mathematics and Computer Science Education; specializations in: Mathematics and Computer Science Education; Course: Mathematics and Computer Science Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije matematike i informatike (magistar/magistra edukacije matematike i informatike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-03-21 12:43:23