Ekstremne meteorološke prilike u situaciji s prehladnom kišom u veljači 2014.

master's thesis

• Title (english): Extreme weather conditions in situation with freezing rain in February 2014.
• Author: Ivana Carević
• Mentor: Antun Marki (mentor)
• Committee member: Antun Marki (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Telišman Prtenjak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ines Ivančić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Višnjica Vučetić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Branko Grisogono (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Sović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Geophysics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-02-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Geophysics; Meteorology and Climatology

Abstract

Sjeverozapadnu i gorsku Hrvatsku je 1. veljače 2014. zahvatila prehladna kiša zbog koje je oštećeno više od 50 000 ha šuma. Cilj ovog rada je proučiti koje ekstremne vremenske prilike pogoduju nastanku ove pojave. Podaci prehladne kiše i poledice s 13 meteoroloških postaja u sjeverozapadnoj i gorskoj Hrvatskoj u razdoblju 1961.– 2015. ukazuju da se radi o vrlo rijetkim pojavama, a detaljne analize upućuju da je u veljači 2014. sjeverozapadna Hrvatska bila topla, a Gorski kotar i Lika vrlo topli. Cijelo promatrano područje bilo je i ekstremno kišno. Iz prizemnih i visinskih sinoptičkih karata nad Europom od 30.1.2014. do 6.2.2014. zaključuje se kako su se zbog dugotrajnog i izraženog južnog prijelaznog stanja stvorili uvjeti za jaku visinsku temperaturnu inverziju koja je jedan od preduvjeta za ispunjenje pojave prehladne kiše. Na meteorološkoj postaji Ogulin je uglavnom puhao NE–E vjetar prvog dana prehladne kiše da bi drugog dana okrenuo na SE smjer. To upućuje na dopiranje južne struje sve do ogulinskog područja. Analiza visine snježnog pokrivača pokazuje da se snijeg zadržao u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj i pogotovo u Gorskom kotaru nakon padanja prehladne kiše i stvaranja poledice jer se uz tlo i dalje zadržavao hladan zrak. Za razliku od toga na visinskoj postaji Zavižan i u Lici snijeg se vrlo brzo otopio zbog pritjecanja toplog zraka sa SE i u prizemni sloj atmosfere. Iz analiza produkata modela ALADIN/HR slijedi da je u vrijeme pojave prehladne kiše postojala izražena temperaturna inverzija u sloju na visinama između 800 m i 900 m. Prizemni vjetar je bio slab i postupno je rastao s visinom. Analiza pseudotempova na odabranim meteorološkim postajama je pokazala da su u Gorskom kotaru i sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj bili ispunjeni vremenski uvjeti za nastanak prehladne kiše 1. veljače 2014.

Abstract (english)

Northwestern and Mounitainous part of Croatia was affected by freezing rain on February 1st, 2014. It caused damage on more than 50 000 ha of forest. The main goal of this thesis is to analize which extreme weather conditions cause this type of meteorological phenomenon.
Freezing rain and ice data from 13 meteorological stations in Northwestern and Mounitainous part of Croatia showed that this type of meteorological phenomenon is very rare for time range 1961 – 2015. Further analyses showed that Northwestern Croatia was warm and Gorski kotar and Lika were very warm, on February 2014. Also, analized area was affected by huge amounts od rainfall too. It can be assumed that there were extreme weather conditions on February 2014. Surface and upper level pressure charts January 30 – February 2, 2014 over Europe showed that long lasting and pronounced southern flow created contitons for strong upper level temperature inversion which is one of preconditions for freezing rain. On the Ogulin meteorological station was mostly mesured NE–E wind direction on the first day of freezing rain whilst the next day wind turned to SE. This guides to outreach of southern flow to the Ogulin region. Analysis of snow depth showed that in Northwestern Croatia and especially in Gorski kotar snow retained after freezing rain and occurrance of ice because of near surface cold air. On the other hand, on Mounitainous meteorological station Zavižan and in Lika snow melted very fast under the influence of warm air from SE flow. Analysis of ALADIN/HR model on meteorological station Zagreb-Maksimir showed that during occurrance of freezing rain there was strong temperature inversion in 800-900 m layer. Surface wind was light and grew gradually with the height. Up to 1,5 km height light surface breeze became gale. Modelled soundings on some meteorological stations confirmedthat were conditions for occurrance od freezing rain on February 1, 2014.

• Keywords: prehladna kiša; poledica; južno strujanje; temperaturna inverzija
• Keywords (english): freezing rain; ice; southern flow; temperature inversion
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:495750
• Study programme: Title: Graduate university study pf Physics - Geophysics; specializations in: Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior, Meteorology and Physical Oceanography; Course: Meteorology and Physical Oceanography; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra fizike – geofizike (magistar/magistra fizike – geofizike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-10-09 15:00:17