Višestruka uloga prolina u odgovoru biljaka na abiotički stres

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Multiple roles of proline in plant responses to abiotic stress
• Author: Fran Lukšić
• Mentor: Željka Vidaković Cifrek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Biljke u prirodnom okolišu vrlo su često izložene različitim stresnim uvjetima i
preživljavanje u takvim uvjetima omogućuju im brojne prilagodbe. Prolin, osim što je jedna od
proteogenih aminokiselina, ima više važnih uloga u biljkama. U ovom su radu opisani metabolički
putovi prolina te mehanizmi njegovog djelovanja u stresnim uvjetima. Brojne uloge prolina
najčešće su rezultat njegovog nakupljanja u biljnoj stanici koje izravno ovisi o samom metabolizmu
prolina, tj. biosintezi, transportu i razgradnji. Brojna istraživanja potvrdila su ulogu prolina u
uvjetima visoke ili niske temperature, manjka vode, povišenog saliniteta i prisutnosti teških metala.
Najviše je istraživana uloga prolina kao kompatibilnog osmolita, no on ima i brojne druge uloge.
Prolin je molekularni šaperon koji stabilizira brojne enzime mnogih metaboličkim putova, a
također sudjeluje u neutralizaciji ROS. Metabolizam prolina važan je i za održavanje NADP+/
NADPH ravnoteže tijekom stresnih uvjeta, a nakupljeni prolin može biti izvor energije za biljku
po završetku djelovanja stresnih uvjeta. Otkrića o ulogama prolina i njegovom metabolizmu
moguće je primijeniti za stvaranje novih, poboljšanih sorti koje će biti rodnije i lakše za uzgoj, a
daljnja istraživanja detaljnije će razjasniti uloge prolina. Postoji mogućnost otkrića i novih uloga
prolina u biljkama izloženim kako abiotičkom, tako i biotičkim stresnim uvjetima.

Abstract (english)

Plants in natural habitat are very often exposed to different stressful conditions and their
survival in such conditions is enabled by many adjustments. Proline, except being one of
proteinogenic amino acids, has many important functions in plants. In this article are described
metabolic pathways of proline and mechanisms by which it acts during stressful conditions. Many
functions of proline are mainly the result of its accumulation in plant cell that depends directly on
its metabolism, i.e. biosynthesis, transport and catabolism. Many researches have confirmed
function of proline in conditions of high or low temperature, water deficit, high salinity and heavy
metals. The most studied proline function is the one of proline as compatible osmolyte, but it has
many other functions as well. Proline is molecular chaperone able to stabilize numerous enzymes
of many metabolic pathways and it also takes part in ROS scavenging. Proline metabolism also
plays role in maintaining NADP+/ NADPH balance during stressful conditions, while accumulated
proline serves as energy source for plant once the stressful conditions are over. Discoveries of24
proline functions and its metabolism can be used for creation of new, improved cultivars that will
have higher yields and will be easier to grow and further researches will clarify exact functions of
proline. There is also a possibility of discovering new, yet unknown proline functions in plants
exposed to different stressful conditions, both biotic and abiotic.

• Keywords: prolin; abiotički stres
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:211926
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-09-26 12:28:42