Rasprostranjenost i učestalost pojavljivanja divlje mačke (Felis silvestris silvestris Schreber, 1777) u gorskoj Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Title (english): Distribution and occurence of the wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris Schreber, 1777) in the mountainous Croatia
• Author: Andrijana Štulić
• Mentor: Josip Kusak (mentor)
• Mentor: Ivana Maguire (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Maguire (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Duje Lisičić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sven Jelaska (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zoran Marčić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Europska divlja maĉka (Felis silvestris silvestris) je zbog deforestacije i fragmentacije staništa, lova i progona kroz povijest nestala s velikog dijela podruĉja rasprostranjenosti, a danas se smatra ugroţenom u većini europskih zemalja. Na podruĉju Hrvatske divlja maĉka smatra se strogo zaštićenom vrstom, no ne postoje podaci o osnovnim ekološkim i populacijskim parametrima, kao ni detaljne karte rasprostranjenosti. Ova vrsta ţivi u malim populacijama na velikom ţivotnom prostoru i aktivna je noću, pa je prikupljanje podataka o prisutnosti direktnim viĊenjem ili hvatanjem u zamke oteţano. Primjenom neinvazivne metode automatskih kamera odreĊena je uĉestalost pojavljivanja te je istraţen potencijalni utjecaj kompetitorske vrste risa na ovu vrstu na podruĉjima Gorskog kotara, sjevernog Velebita i NP Plitviĉka jezera. Karta rasprostranjenosti divlje maĉke za podruĉje gorske Hrvatske dobivena je prikazom zabiljeţenih pojava divlje maĉke. Najveća uĉestalost pojavljivanja divlje maĉke zabiljeţena je na podruĉju sjevernog Velebita, a najmanja na podruĉju Gorskog kotara. Na sva tri podruĉja najveća uĉestalost pojavljivanja divlje maĉke zabiljeţena je tijekom toplijeg dijela godine, a najveća aktivnost tijekom svitanja. Divlja maĉka je na svim podruĉjima istraţivanja izbjegavala od ljudi prometnije kategorije mjesta, a na podruĉju NP Plitviĉka jezera ovakvo korištenje prostora bilo je izraţeno u najvećoj mjeri. Na podruĉju gorske Hrvatske utjecaj risa na populacije divlje maĉke bio je zanemariv.

Abstract (english)

European wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris) disappeard from large areas of its distribution range throughout history due to deforestation, habitat fragmentation, hunting and persecution. In many European countries wildcat is considered endangered and in Croatia it is considered strictly protected species, but still there is no available data about ecological and population parameters of this species. This elusive cat lives in small populations covering large areas and it is mainly active during night, which makes collecting data on its presence, using direct observations or trapping, difficult. Therefore, a noninvasive method of data collecting using camera traps was applied for assessment of the distribution and occurrence of wildcat and potential influence of lynx in the areas of Gorski kotar, northern Velebit and NP Plitviĉka jezera. Distribution map was made by displaying wildcat occurrence. The highest frequency of occurrence was determined in northernVelebit and the lovest was documented in Gorski kotar. Wildcat had the highest frequency of occurrence in warmer seasons in all areas, with the most intensive activity recorded around the dawn. In mountainous Croatia, wildcat was avoiding place categories as traffic loaded, what is typical of NP Plitviĉka jezera. The influence of lynx on wildcat populations of mountainous Croatia was found to be negligible.

• Keywords: strogo zaštićene vrste maĉaka; automatske kamere; relativna uĉestalost pojavljivanja; aktivnost; korištenje prostora; kompeticija
• Keywords (english): strictly protected cats species; camera traps; relative frequency of occurrence; activity; site categories use; competition
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:655019
• Study programme: Title: Experimental Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije (magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-11-20 08:11:39