| Abstract | Epifitska flora na palmama vrste Phoenix canariensis istraživana je na 16 lokaliteta duž hrvatske jadranske obale i otoka (Split, Trogir, Zadar, Opatija, Cavtat, Dubrovnik, Pula, Mali Lošinj, Ploče, Makarska, te otoci Rava, Brač, Hvar, Vis, Rab i Ugljan). Zabilježene su 104 svojte razvrstane u 53 porodice. Najzastupljenije su Poaceae (10,6 %), Cichoriaceae (6,7 %) te Scrophulariaceae (5,8 %). Pokrovnost epifita najveća je na palmama u Splitu (76), a najmanja u Puli (15,5). Pokrovnost opada (r = -0,51) sa smanjenjem godišnjih oborina, a raste s porastom pH (r = 0,66). Brojnost epifita najveća na palmama otoka Hvara (1,93), a najmanja na otoku Ravi (1,03). Najveća pH vrijednosti humusa je na Hvaru (6,74), a najmanja u Puli (4,29). Najučestaliji životni oblici su terofiti (39,8%), fanerofiti (27,2%) te hemikriptofiti (18,4%). Broj fanerofita u obraštaju raste u geografskom smjeru Z - I (r = 0,74). Utvrđeno je najviše kultiviranih i adventivnih biljaka (25%), općemediteranskih (23,1%) te biljaka šroke rasprostranjenosti (15,4%). Najčešći plod epifita je tobolac (27,9 %), zatim boba (12,5 %), te roška (11,5%). Najzastupljeniji načini rasprostranjivanja epifita su ornitohorija (32,2%), mirmekohorija (28,3 %) i anemohorija (21,9 %). |
| Abstract (english) | Epiphytic flora on the palms Phoenix canariensis researched at 16 sites along the Croatian Adriatic coast and islands (Split, Trogir, Zadar, Opatija, Cavtat, Dubrovnik, Pula, Mali Losinj, Ploce, Makarska, and islands Rava, Brac, Hvar, Vis, Rab and Ugljan). There have been recorded 104 species classified into 53 families. The most represented families are Poaceae (10.6%), Cichoriaceae (6.7%) and Scrophulariaceae (5.8%). Cover of epiphytes is largest in Split (76), and the lowest in Pula (15.5). Cover decreases (r = -0.51) with the decrease in annual precipitation, and increases with pH (r = 0.66). The largest abundance of epiphytes is on the island of Hvar (1.93) and the lowest on the island of Rava (1.03). Largest pH value of humus was determined on Hvar (6.74) and the lowest in Pula (4.29). The most common life forms are therophytes (39.8%), phanerophytes (27.2%) and hemicryptophytes (18.4%). Number phanerophytes growing in geographic direction W - E (r = 0.74). The analysis of floral elements of epiphytes found the most cultivated and adventive plants (25%), Mediterranean (23.1%) and wide spread plants (15.4%). The most common fruit of epiphytes is a capsula (27.9%), bacca (12.5%), and achaenium (11.5%). The most common methods of dispersal are ornitochory (32.2%), myrmecochory (28.3%), and anemochory (21.9%). |
