Sjena odbojnog Rutherfordovog raspršenja

master's thesis

• Title (english): A shadow of the repulsive Rutherford scattering
• Author: Ivan Topić
• Mentor: Petar Žugec (mentor)
• Committee member: Petar Žugec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Poljak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tamara Nikšić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nils Paar (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mihael Makek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Physics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-03-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Physics

Abstract

U ovom radu analizirana je sjena odbojnog Rutherfordovog raspršenja u sustavu fiksne mete i u sustavu centra mase. U sustavu fiksne mete napravljen je klasični izvod putanje projektila te je pokazano da je sjena projektila paraboloid. Također je pokazano da sjenu ne čine točke u kojima se projektil, ovisno o ulaznom parametru, najviše približava meti. Nadalje, koristeći rezultate iz sustava fiksne mete, nađene su putanje i sjene projektila i mete u sustavu centra mase. Sjene su uspoređene s onima iz sustava fiksne mete te je analizirana geometrija njihovog presjeka. Dobiveni su izrazi za opseg i površinu presjeka u dvije dimenzije te za oplošje i volumen presjeka u tri dimenzije. Vrijednosti dobivenih izraza u limesu beskonačno masivne mete uspoređene su s vrijednostima istih veličina koje se dobiju u sustavu fiksne mete te je objasnjeno nepodudaranje u rezultatima.

Abstract (english)

In this paper, the shadow of the repulsive Rutherford scattering is analyzed in the fixed-target frame and in the center-of-mass frame. Classical trajectories were derived in the fixed-target frame and it was shown that the shape of the shadow is a paraboloid. It was also shown that the shadow is not made out of points in which the projectile, depending on its impact parameter, comes the closest to the target. Furthermore, the results from the fixed target frame were used to find the trajectories and shadows of the projectile and of the target in the center-of-mass frame. The shadows were compared with those in the fixed-target frame and the geometry of their cross section was analyzed. The expressions for the perimeter and the area of the 2D cross section and for the surface area and volume of the 3D cross section were obtained. The values obtained for these geometrical expressions in the limit of an infinitely massive target were compared to their values in the fixed-target frame and a discrepancy in the results was explained.

• Keywords: sjena; Rutherfordovo raspršenje; sustav fiksne mete; sustav centra mase
• Keywords (english): shadow; Rutherford scattering; fixed-target frame; center-of-mass frame
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:155529
• Study programme: Title: Physics; specializations in: Education; Course: Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije fizike (magistar/magistra edukacije fizike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-03-10 13:00:36