Uloga reaktivnih kisikovih oblika u odgovoru biljaka na stresne uvjete

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The role of reactive oxygen species in plants' response to stress
• Author: Jelena Vojvodić
• Mentor: Željka Vidaković Cifrek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Reaktivni kisikovi oblici često se smatraju štetnim nusproduktom aerobnog metabolizma. Međutim, oni djeluju i kao signalne molekule prilikom odgovora biljaka na stresne uvjete. Nakon percepcije stresnog čimbenika putem raznih receptora dolazi do povećane proizvodnje ROS koji pokreću daljnju signalnu kaskadu u biljnim stanicama. Promjena koncentracije ROS posljedica je promjene regulacije enzima NADPH oksidaze koja je središnje mjesto apoplastne sinteze ROS. NADPH oksidaza podložna je brojnim razinama regulacije, što omogućuje preciznu kontrolu proizvodnje ROS, koji potom stupaju u interakcije s brojnim staničnim proteinima te utječu na njihovu funkciju. Direktno utječu na post-translacijsku modifikaciju proteina i na taj način reguliraju njihovu aktivnost. Osim na aktivnost proteina, post-translacijskom modifikacijom histona indirektno djeluju i na ekspresiju određenih gena. S membranskim lipidima stupaju u reakciju peroksidacije čime mogu dovesti i do aktivacije programirane stanične smrti. Promjene koje su inducirane djelovanjem ROS omogućuju stanici odgovor i stjecanje otpornosti na biotički ili abiotički stresni čimbenik koji je pokrenuo prijenos signala.

Abstract (english)

Reactive oxygen species, which are often considered toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, also act as signalling molecules during stress response in plants. After the cell senses a stressor via various receptors, there is an increase in the production of ROS which leads to a signalling cascade in plant cells. Concentration of ROS depends on the regulation of the NADPH oxidase, which is the central enzyme for apoplastic ROS production. NADPH oxidase is susceptible to many levels of regulation, which allows the fine control of ROS production. Produced ROS then interact with numerous cellular proteins, leading to changes in their function. ROS can directly cause posttranslational modifications of proteins, which results in the alteration of their activity. By inducing posttranslational modifications in histones, ROS can indirectly change gene expression. ROS also interact with membrane lipids and cause their peroxidation which can even result in programmed cell death. The cellular changes, which are induced by ROS, give rise to resistance to the abiotic or biotic stress factor which initiated the signalling cascade.

• Keywords: ROS; NADPH oksidaza; regulacija produkcije ROS; stresni čimbenici; prijenos signala
• Keywords (english): ROS; NADPH oxidase; regulation of ROS production; stress factors; signalling cascade
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:796408
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-09-21 10:58:33