Ekološka važnost očuvanja starih sorti voćaka

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Ecological value of conservation of autochthonous fruit varieties
• Author: Dunja Dragun
• Mentor: Renata Šoštarić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

U ovom radu pobliže je opisana važnost starih sorti voćaka. One su odraz ekološko-kulturnih uvjeta prostora u kojem su bile uzgajane. Predstavljaju zdrav i domaći izvor vitamina i minerala, koji si može priuštiti svako domaćinstvo s malo površine vrta. Značajne su po tome što za njihov uzgoj nije potrebna uporaba pesticida zbog njihove prirodne otpornosti na bolesti, štetnike i zahtjevne abiotske uvjete, što ih čini pogodnima za organski uzgoj, ali i uzgoj na okućnicama, uz minimalna ulaganja novca i rada. Također, travnjački voćnjaci, u kojima se stare sorte najčešće uzgajaju, predstavljaju značajna žarišta bioraznolikosti, ali i čine prepoznatljiv krajobraz nekog kraja. U radu je razmotren potencijal starih sorti za uzgoj u komercijalne svrhe, ali i njihova važnost za daljnji oplemenjivački rad budući da čine jedinstvenu genetičku raznolikost i nositeljice su brojnih poželjnih osobina. Rad daje pregled većine voćki stablašica, koje se uzgajaju u Hrvatskoj te o svakoj iznosi ukratko ponešto o starim sortama te vrste. Opisano je i na koji način se mogu očuvati stare sorte voćaka pomoću rezidbe, cijepljenja i kolekcionarskih nasada, a za kraj su izloženi neki konkretni hvale vrijedni primjeri takovih praksi.

Abstract (english)

This paper closely examines the importance of autochthonous fruit varieties. They reflect ecological and cultural conditions of the region they were cultivated in. They represent a healthy domestic product, a source of vitamins and minerals, affordable by any household that includes at least a small garden. Their significance is also seen in the fact that for their cultivation, the use of pesticides not necessary, owing to their innate resistance to disease, pest and demanding abiotic conditions, which makes them suitable for organic farming as well as growing on crofts, with minimal labour and money investment. Traditional orchards, in which the autochthonous fruit varieties are most commonly grown, are also points of great biodiversity and are being a part of unique regional landscapes. The paper examines the possibility of grownig autochthonous fruit varieties for commercial cause, but also their importance for further breeding as they contain unique genetic material, bearing numerous desireable characteristics. The paper gives an overview of most fruit trees commonly grown in Croatia and lines something briefly about autochthonous varieties of each fruit species. Conservation of autochthonous fruit varieties is described as well, namely through pruning, grafting and plantations. At the very end, a couple of valuable examples of these conservation practices are listed and described.

• Keywords: sorte voćki; travnjački voćnjaci; bioraznolikost; očuvanje starih sorti
• Keywords (english): autochthonous fruit varieties; traditional orchards; biodiversity; conservation of autochthonous fruit varieties
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:527659
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-09-27 11:19:18