Genska struktura i raznolikost paklara (Petromyzontidae) dunavskog slijeva Hrvatske

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Genetic structure and diversity of lampreys (Petromyzontidae) in the Danube River basin in Croatia
• Author: Sara Pleše
• Mentor: Ivana Buj (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Buj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zoran Marčić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Čanjevac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Blanka Cvetko Tešović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nenad Buzjak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Paklare (porodica Petromyzontidae) koje se i dalje prema mnogim publikacijama svrstavaju među ribe, zapravo su skupina kralješnjaka koja se prije 500 milijuna godina na temelju fundamentalne razlike, nepostojanja čeljusti, odvojila od riba i ostalih razreda kralješnjaka koji imaju razvijenu čeljust. Njihova taksonomija nije do kraja razriješena na globalnoj razini pa tako ni na području Hrvatske uz nedovoljno proučenu taksonomiju, rasprostranjenost i ugroženost. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je: utvrditi srodstvene odnose proučavane porodice, odrediti točan taksonomski položaj vrsta unutar porodice, napraviti filogenetsku rekonstrukciju skupine na proučavanom području te procijeniti gensku raznolikost i strukturu pojedinih utvrđenih vrsta i linija s krajnjim ciljem zaštite ako je ona potrebna. Kako bih utvrdila taksonomski položaj prisutnih vrsta na području dunavskog slijeva Hrvatske, provela sam filogenetsku rekonstrukciju koja se temeljila na sekvencama gena za citokrom b pomoću metode najveće parsimonije, metode najveće vjerojatnosti i metode susjednog povezivanja. Dobivena filogenetska stabla i filogenetska mreža potvrdili su postojanje 4 odvojene linije unutar vrste Eudontomyzon vladykovi Oliva i Zanandrea, 1959 te prisutnost vrste Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan, 1911 na području Hrvatske. Pomoću testova genske raznolikosti i genske različitosti uz analize molekularne dijagnostike utvrdila sam umjerenu do visoku razinu genske raznolikosti unutar i između utvrđenih vrsta i linija te duboku strukturiranost unutar vrste Eudontomyzon vladykovi.

Abstract (english)

Lampreys (family Petromyzontidae), which according to many publications are still classified as fish, are actually a group of Vertebrates. 500 million years ago they separated from fish and other classes of Vertebrates that have developed jaws based on the absence of a jaw. Their taxonomy has not been fully resolved on the global level, nor in Croatia, with an insufficiently studied taxonomy, distribution and endangerment. The aim of this study was to: determine the relationships of the studied family, determine the exact taxonomic positions of species within the family, make a phylogenetic reconstruction of the group in the study area and astimate the genetic diversity and structure of individual identified species and lineages. In order to determine the taxonomic position of the species present in the Danube basin of Croatia, phylogenetic reconstruction was performed based on cytochrome b gene sequences using the maximum parsimony method, maximum likelihood method and the median joining method. The obtained phylogenetic trees and phylogenetic network confirmed the existence of 4 separate lineages within the species Eudontomyzon vladykovi Oliva i Zanandrea, 1959 and the presence of the species Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan, 1911 in Croatia. Using tests of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in addition to molecular diagnostic analyzes, moderate to high levels of genetic diversity within and between identified species and lineages and deep structuring within the species Eudontomyzon vladykovi were determined.

• Keywords: paklare; taksonomija; filogenija; citokrom b; linije
• Keywords (english): lampreys; taxonomy; phylogeny; cytochrom b; lineages
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:217185
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2023-09-13
• Created on: 2021-09-27 13:48:29