Polimorfne varijante u genima kandidatima za pretilost (LEPR i GHRL) u trima populacijama Roma Hrvatske

master's thesis

• Title (english): Polymorphic variants in candidate genes for obesity (LEPR and GHRL) in three Croatian Roma populations
• Author: Anamaria Vidović
• Mentor: Matea Zajc Petranović (mentor)
• Mentor: Ana Galov (sumentor)
• Committee member: Ana Galov (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ines Radanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željka Soldin (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Draginja Mrvoš-Sermek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Pretilost je jedan od glavnih javnozdravstvenih problema današnjice jer pretile osobe imaju povećani rizik od razvoja brojnih teških kroničnih bolesti. Poznato je nekoliko monogenskih mutacija povezanih s pretilosti, no kod najvećeg broja osoba pretilost ima kompleksnu podlogu. Leptinski receptor, kojeg kodira gen LEPR, veţe na sebe hormon leptin koji signalizira osjećaj sitosti, a grelin je hormon koji potiče osjećaj gladi. U ovom radu analizirane su učestalosti alela i genotipova varijanti rs1805094 gena LEPR i rs35683 gena GHRL u trima populacijama Roma Hrvatske (n=440) te je ispitana njihova povezanost s antropometrijskim pokazateljima prekomjerne teţine i pretilosti. Rome karakterizira visoka prevalencija pretilosti, a njihovu evolucijsku prošlost brojni učinci utemeljitelja i visok stupanj endogamije. Učestalosti genotipova i alela polimorfizma rs1805094 ne razlikuju se izmeĎu triju romskih populacija, dok se učestalosti genotipova polimorfizma rs35683 značajno razlikuju; u odnosu na populacije Baranje i Zagreba, u MeĎimurju ima značajno više heterozigota. Pretilih osoba bilo je 28,08%; podjednako ţena i muškaraca, dok je pothranjenih ţena bilo 3x više nego pothranjenih muškaraca (6,6% vs. 1,9%). U odnosu na ostale regije i osobe istog spola, Romi iz Zagreba su češće pretili i imaju povećan opseg trbuha, a najmanje pretilih Romkinja ima u MeĎimurju. Nositelji genotipa CC polimorfizma rs35683 imaju najviše srednje vrijednosti indeksa tjelesne mase i nekih drugih antropometrijskih pokazatelja prekomjerne tjelesne teţine. Polimorfizam rs1805094 nije pokazao povezanost s antropometrijskim obiljeţjima populacije Roma Hrvatske.

Abstract (english)

Obesity is one of the biggest public health problems today because obese people have an increased risk of developing a number of severe chronic diseases. Several monogenic mutations associated with obesity are known, but in most individuals obesity has a complex background. The leptin receptor, encoded by the LEPR gene, binds to the hormone leptin, which signals a feeling of satiety, and ghrelin is a hormone that stimulates the feeling of hunger. In this paper, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes of rs1805094 variants of the LEPR gene and rs35683 of the GHRL gene in three Roma populations in Croatia (n = 440) were analyzed and their association with anthropometric indicators of overweight and obesity was examined. The Roma population is characterized by a high prevalence of obesity, and their evolutionary past by several founding effects and a high degree of endogamy. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the rs1805094 polymorphism did not differ between the three Roma populations, while the frequencies of genotypes of the rs35683 polymorphism differed significantly; compared to the population of Baranja and Zagreb, there were significantly more heterozygotes in MeĎimurje. 28.08% of population was obese; women and men alike, while there were 3x more malnourished women than men (6.6% vs. 1.9%). Compared to other regions and people of the same sex, Roma from Zagreb were more often obese and more often had an increased abdominal circumference, and the least obese Roma women were in MeĎimurje. Carriers of the rs35683 CC genotype had the highest mean values of body mass index and some other anthropometric indicators of excess weight. The rs1805094 polymorphism did not show an association with anthropometric characteristics of the Croatian Roma population.

• Keywords: pretilost; antropometrija; gen za leptinski receptor; gen za grelin; polimorfizmi; populacija Roma
• Keywords (english): obesity; anthropometry; leptin receptor gene; ghrelin gene; polymorphisms; Roma population
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:186416
• Study programme: Title: Integrated undergraduate and graduate university study of Biology and Chemistry Education; specializations in: Integrated undergraduate and graduate university study of Biology and Chemistry Education; Course: Integrated undergraduate and graduate university study of Biology and Chemistry Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije biologije i kemije (magistar/magistra edukacije biologije i kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-08 10:28:08