Praživotinje u uređajima za pročišćavanje voda

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Protozoa in technologies for water treatment
• Author: Maja Jaćimovska
• Mentor: Renata Matoničkin Kepčija (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2009, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Praživotinje su jednostanični eukariotski organizmi vrlo složene stanične građe. Njihovo prirodno stanište su stajaće vode u kojima ima truležnog biljnog materijala i ostalog organskog otpada, što svjedoči o afinitetu praživotinja ka organski opterećenoj sredini. Ova karakteristika ukazuje da bi ih se moglo iskorištavati u uređajima za pročišćavanje izvorske, jezerske i otpadne vode koristeći aktivni mulj. Aktivni mulj je zajednica mikroorganizama (bakterija, praživotinja, algi) gdje pojedine vrste organizama obavljaju određenu zadaću; aerobne bakterije smanjuju količinu organske tvari tako što te iste tvari koriste u svom metabolizmu, a praživotinje svojom aktivnošću sudjeluju u izgradnji želatinoznih pahuljica mulja (flokula) i trepetljikama dižu nutrijente s dna te tako stimuliraju produkcije zajednica mikroorganizama. Praživotinje se također hrane aerobnim bakterijama; time kontroliraju biomasu bakterija i pridonose stabilnosti cijelog postrojenja za pročišćavanje vode (nazivamo ih grejzerima, od eng. riječi graze=brstiti, pasti). Još jedna vrlo bitna uloga praživotinja je i uloga bioindikatora; pojavljivanje određenih vrsta praživotinja ukazuje na opterećenost mulja organskom tvari, prisutnost toksičnih tvari, pokazatelji su procesa slijeganja mulja, količine amonijaka u dolaznoj i odlaznoj vodi i ukazuju na količinu raspoloživog kisika koji će biti korišten u metabolizmu aerobnih bakterija.

Abstract (english)

Protozoa are single cellular eukaryotic organisms with a complex structure. These organisms natural habitats are standing waters in which there are high amounts of decomposed plant material and other organic wastes that indicate their affinity to high organic production waters. Given this fact we can conclude that these protozoa can be used in water cleaning devices based on activated sludge, and this primarily for spring waters, lakes and waste waters. Active sludge is a community of micro-organisms (bacteria, protozoa, algae) in which each specie is specified to its own work; aerobic bacteria use organic material in their own metabolisms and thus lower its amounts in their surrounding, while protozoa produce gelatin mud flakes (flocula) and with their cilia bring up nutrients from the bottom, which all together stimulates production of micro-organisms. These protozoa graze on aerobic bacteria allowing them to control the bacterial biomass and stabilize the whole water cleaning plant. Another important role that the protozoa have is their role as bioindicators; the appearance of specific protozoa in waters indicates that the waters contain high amounts of organic production and toxic material. They can also indicate processes of sludge sedimentation, amounts of oxygen (that the aerobic bacteria use for their metabolism) as well as amounts of amonia in incoming water and drain.

• Keywords: praživotinje; uređaji za pročišćavanje voda
• Keywords (english): protozoa; technologies for water treatment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:422537
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-03-12 10:57:40