Učinak suše na fiziološke pokazatelje u pšenice (Triticum aestivum L.) i rajčice (Solanum Iycopersicum L.)

master's thesis

• Title (english): Effect of drought on physiological parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
• Author: Marina Hren
• Mentor: Mirta Tkalec (mentor)
• Committee member: Mirta Tkalec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivančica Ternjej (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Duje Lisičić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Biljana Balen (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-12-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Svaki potencijalni stresni čimbenik, bio abiotički ili biotički, koji prelazi granice optimalnih vrijednosti za rast i razvoj biljaka predstavlja stres. Jedan od najrasprostranjenijih abiotičkih čimbenika je vodni stres koji predstavlja značajan problem u uzgoju biljnih vrsta. Uzrokuju ga povišeni salinitet tla, hladnoća, smrzavanje, toplotni stres i najčešći od svih – suša. Pšenica i rajčica, kao najraširenije poljoprivredne vrste biljaka, predstavljaju koristan model u proučavanju utjecaja koji suša ima na biljke. Cilj ovog rada je bio proučiti utjecaj suše na fiziološke pokazatelje u pšenice i rajčice te ulogu zeolita, mineralnih aditiva sa sposobnošću vezanja vode i hranjiva, u zadržavanju vode i obrani biljaka tijekom suše. Biljke su uzgajane u supstratu za ukrasno bilje te u supstratu za ukrasno bilje s dodatkom zeolita različite granulacije i u različitom udjelu (10 i 20%, w/w), u kontrolnim uvjetima i uvjetima nedostatka vode. Utvrđeno je kako je izlaganje suši smanjilo rast biljaka i relativan sadržaj vode, a povećalo koncentraciju proteina i prolina te koncentraciju lipidnih peroksida. Aktivnost katalaze bila je niža u pšenici izloženoj suši dok se aktivnost gvajakol peroksidaze nije značajno razlikovala između biljaka raslih u kontrolnim uvjetima i uvjetima suše. U većini promatranih pokazatelja ne postoji razlika između biljaka raslih u supstratu bez dodatka zeolita i s dodatkom zeolita, neovisno o udjelu i granulaciji samog zeolita.

Abstract (english)

Every potential stress factor, abiotic or biotic, which goes beyond the optimal values for the growth and development of plants, represents stress. One of the most stressful abiotic factors is water stress that poses a significant problem in the plant cultivation. It is usually caused by high salinity of the soil, thermal stress, cold, freezing and the most common of all - drought. Wheat and tomato, as the most common agricultural plant species, represent a useful model for studying the impact of the drought on plants. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of drought on physiological indicators in wheat and tomato, and to study the role of zeolite (mineral additive with the ability to absorb water and nutrients) in water retention and defense of the plants during the drought. Plants were grown in the substrate without zeolite or in the substrate with zeolite, in varying granulations and percentages, in control and water stress conditions. The results showed that the water deficit desreased plant growth and water content, but increased concentration of proteins, proline and lipid peroxides. Activity of catalase was lower in wheat exposed to drought while no significant differences was observed in guaiacol peroxidase activity between control plants and plants exposed to drought. In most of the investigated parameters there were no differences between plants grown on substrates, with or without the addition of zeolite, irrespective of the extent and granulation of the zeolite.

• Keywords: nedostatak vode u tlu; zeoliti; proteini; prolin; lipidni peroksidi; enzimi
• Keywords (english): water defficit; zeolite; proteins; proline; lipid peroxidation; enzymes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:285780
• Study programme: Title: Experimental Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije (magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-04-26 09:18:50