Title Dinamika, povezanost i genetička struktura hlapa Homarus gammarus (Linnaeus, 1758) u Jadranu Title (english) Dynamics, connectivity and genetic structure of the European lobster Homarus gammarus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Adriatic Sea Author Mišo Pavičić Mentor Sanja Matić-Skoko (mentor)Mentor Tanja Šegvić Bubić (mentor)Committee member Zoran Marčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Jakov Dulčić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Marko Ćaleta (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2022-07-04, Croatia Scientific / art field, NATURAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 55 - Geology. Meteorology. Hydrology Abstract Stanje populacije hlapa (Homarus gammarus) u Jadranskom moru procijenjeno je primjenom metoda ribarstvene biologije i populacijske genetike. Analizom službenih podataka o ulovu hlapa u razdoblju od 2008. do 2017. uočeno je povećanje ulova, ribolovnog napora i ulova po jedinici ribolovnog napora u sjevernom Jadranu, dok je u istom razdoblju zabilježen pozitivni trend izmjerene i modelirane pridnene temperature mora. Utvrđena je značajna povezanost pridnene temperature mora i ulova po jedinici ribolovnog napora u sjevernom i srednjem Jadranu. Najzastupljeniji dužinski razredi hlapa su bili od 80 - 120 mm dužine glavopršnjaka, a jedinke ispod minimalne veličine ulova su činile 52,83 % ukupnog uzorka. Zabilježene su niske vrijednosti ulova po jedinici ribolovnog napora (4,6 - 239 g/vrši) s najvišim vrijednostima u proljeće i ljeto. Manje jedinke hlapa nastanjuju plića staništa i bliže obali, dok se sve veće jedinke pojavljuju dalje od obale. Postoji spolni dimorfizam u rastu hlapa s izraženijim rastom mase za mužjake nego ženke, dok ženke s dužinama glavopršnjaka većim od 80 mm imaju značajno širi abdomen od mužjaka. Prekomjerni izlov, gubitak staništa i druge antropogene aktivnosti nisu značajno utjecale na neutralnu genetičku raznolikost. Ukupna genetička udaljenost je bila niska između istraživanih populacija (FST = 0,0062). Genetička diferencijacija je utvrđena među populacijama iz različitih bazena Sredozemnog mora, dok su populacije iz Jadranskog mora bile panmiktične. Prosječna suvremena efektivna veličina populacije (NE) procijenjena za populacije hlapa se kolebala od 1,560 do 2,094 ovisno o metodi te su najveće vrijednosti zabilježene za populacije sjevernog Jadrana. Procjene stope migracije ukazuju da sjeveroistočna obala Jadranskog mora djeluje kao glavni izvor protoka gena te se genetički materijal može prenijeti od 300 do 600 km ovisno o trajanju pelagične faze ličinke hlapa i dinamici morske vode. Ovo istraživanje predstavlja prvo sveobuhvatno istraživanje stanja populacije hlapa u Jadranskome moru i rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu služiti kao informacije potrebne za održivo i učinkovitije upravljanje ovom ekološki i ekonomski važnom vrstom rakova u Jadranskom moru.
Abstract (english) Population dynamics of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in the Adriatic Sea was assessed using various fisheries biology and population genetics methods. The analysis of European lobster official catch data from 2008 to 2017 showed an increase in landings, fishing effort and catch per unit effort in the northern Adriatic. A positive trend of increasing measured and modelled sea bottom temperature was also recorded. A significant correlation between sea bottom temperature and catch per unit effort in the northern and central Adriatic has been established. Dominance of specimens in the 80 - 120 mm carapace length size classes was observed and individuals below the minimum landing size accounted for 52.83 % of the total sample. Low values of catch per unit effort were recorded, ranging from 4.6 to 239 g/pot with the highest values observed in spring and summer. Smaller individuals inhabit shallower habitats and closer to coast while larger individuals occur farther from coast. Sexual dimorphism in growth was observed with more pronounced increase in weight for males than females, while females have a significantly wider abdomen than males when carapace length exceeds 80 mm. Overfishing, habitat loss and other anthropogenic activities did not significantly affect neutral genetic diversity. The global genetic distance between the studied populations was low (FST = 0.0062). Genetic differentiation was found among populations from different Mediterranean basins, while populations from the Adriatic Sea were panmictic. The average contemporary effective population size (NE) estimated for European lobster populations ranged from 1,560 to 2,094, depending on the method used, with the highest values for populations in the northern Adriatic. Estimates of migration rates indicate that the north-eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea acts as the main source of gene flow, and genetic material can be transferred from 300 to 600 km depending on the pelagic larval duration. This research is the first comprehensive study of the European lobster population status in the Adriatic Sea, the results of which can serve as a basis for sustainable and effective fisheries management of this ecologically and economically important crustacean species.
Keywords
dekapodni rak
dinamika populacija
stok
DNA biljezi
populacijska struktura
protok gena
Keywords (english)
decapoda
population dynamics
stock
DNA markers
population structure
gene flow
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:217:839963 Study programme Title: Interdisciplinary doctoral study in Oceanology Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2023-01-20 13:04:33
