Modeliranje koridora kretanja vukova (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) u Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Title (english): Modelling of wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) movement corridors in Croatia
• Author: Matea Vukelić
• Mentor: Perica Mustafić (mentor)
• Mentor: Josip Kusak (mentor)
• Committee member: Perica Mustafić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Galov (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Sremac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Neven Bočić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Zanella (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-02-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Prometnice u današnjem svijetu najviše utječu na fragmentaciju staništa, uznemiravanje i neposrednu smrt velikih zvijeri te tako predstavljaju jednu od najvećih prijetnji za njihov opstanak. Želimo li smanjiti negativan utjecaj prometnica, konstrukcije prikladnih struktura za prijelaz na ekološki značajnim mjestima izrazito su potrebne. Značajni dijelovi koridora za kretanje mogu biti zeleni mostovi, prolazi iznad tunela ili vijadukti. Prijelazi preko prometnica moraju biti dovoljno široki, prostrani i u prirodnom okruženju kako bi vuk bio u mogućnosti ih koristiti. Model pogodnosti staništa vuka napravila sam u Maxent programu koristeći lokacije vukova i to, telemetrijske položaje (GPS lokacije i lokacije dobivene triangulacijom), te mjesta opažanja vukova kao što lokacije nađenih mrtvih životinja, glasanja, otisaka šapa, u kombinaciji sa podacima o staništu (GIS slojevi). Podaci o staništu su : nagib terena, broj vrsta parno-prstaša, udaljenost od naselja i ruba šume, udio pašnjaka, gustoća stanovnika, Shannonov indeks, udio poljoprivrednih površina, nadmorska visina, gustoća ceste, indeks razvedenosti terena, udio šume i udaljenost od ceste. Dobiveni model pokazao je staništa pogodna za prisutnost vuka. Na kvalitetu staništa, najviše su utjecale komponente staništa: nadmorska visina, broj vrsta parno-prstaša te udaljenost od naselja. Koristeći model u GIS-u napravila sam potencijalne koridore kretanja s obzirom na moguću rasprostranjenost vuka, postojeće autoceste i objekte na njima koji su pogodni za korištenje od strane vuka. Model i kartografski prikaz mogu koristiti za procjenu utjecaja budućih prometnih infrastruktura na koridore kretanja vuka, a time i pridonositi samoj zaštiti vuka.

Abstract (english)

Modern day roads have the biggest impact on habitat fragmentation and disturbance, but also on the immediate death of large carnivores which makes them one of the biggest threats for their survival. If we want to reduce the negative impact of roads, suitable crossings on ecologically relevant places are more than necessary. Significant parts of movement corridors can be green crossings, passages over tunnels and viaducts. Road crossings ought to be wide enough, spacious and in natural surroundings for the wolf to be able to use them. The model of wolf habitat suitability was created in Maxent program using wolf movement locations, telemetry data (GPS locations and locations obtained by triangulation) with the locations of animals found dead, animal sound recording, paw prints, combined with GIS environmental layers. GIS layers are: field inclination, number of ungulate species, distance from settlements, forests and roads, grassland distribution, population density, agricultural area distribution, road density, forest distribution, elevation, Shannon index and indented terrain index. The model has shown suitabile habitats for wolf presence. Habitat quality is affected the most by altitude, number of ungulate species and distance from settlements. Using GIS software with the habitat suitability map I created potential movement corridors considering probable wolf prevalence, existing highways and objects on the highways which are suitable for the wolf to use. The model and cartographic representation can be used to evaluate the impact of future transportation infrastructure on wolf movement corridors, as well as contribute to protecting the wolf.

• Keywords: Maxent; rasprostranjenost vuka; fragmentacija staništa; prijelazi za velike zvijeri
• Keywords (english): Maxent; wolf distribution; habitat fragmentation; large carnivore crossings
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:076703
• Study programme: Title: Enviromental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra struke znanosti o okolišu (magistar/magistra struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-05-22 09:33:19