Učinak stresnih uvjeta na biosintezu antocijana u biljaka

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The effect of stress conditions on the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in plants
• Author: Tomislav Hudina
• Mentor: Željka Vidaković Cifrek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2010, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Antocijani se ubrajaju u skupinu flavonoida koja obuhvaća preko 5000 različitih spojeva. Biosinteza svih flavonoida započinje općim fenilpropanoidnim metabolizmom za kojeg se prekursori dobivaju iz biosintetskog puta šikiminske kiseline i malonatnog biosintetskog puta. Biosintetski se put dalje nastavlja preko nekoliko koraka sve do antocijana, tj. antocijanidina koji su posljednja karika u lancu iako se i oni mogu modificirati. U ovome radu opisan je tijek metaboličkih reakcija koje vode do nastanka antocijana. Nadalje, opisani su i neki od za sada poznatih biorazgradnih puteva, ali i regulatorni putevi tj. geni vezani uz biosintetske i biorazgradne puteve antocijana te neki od transkripcijskih faktora vezanih uz antocijane. Prvenstvena zadaća ovoga rada bila je proučiti koji to okolišni čimbenici utječu na biosintezu antocijana u biljaka, kojim mehanizmima, i koji su signalni putevi uključeni u taj proces. Glavni okolišni čimbenik koji može potaknuti biosintezu antocijana je elektromagnetsko zračenje u ultraljubičastom i vidljivom dijelu spektra, a velika većina ostalih okolišnih čimbenika, kao što su toplotni stres, osmotski stres, napad patogena, i ranjavanje, nije u stanju samostalno potaknuti biosintezu antocijana, ali u kombinaciji s UV ili vidljivom svjetlošću daje statistički značajna povećanja koncentracije sintetiziranih antocijana. Na kraju rada su prokomentirana istraživanja na ovome polju, a dane su i pretpostavke o daljnjim istraživanjima vezanim uz ovu tematiku.

Abstract (english)

Anthocyanins belong to a group of flavonoid compounds which comprises over 5000 different compounds. Synthesis of all flavonoids begins with general phenylpropanoid metabolism for which the precursors are obtained from shikimate and malonyl-CoA pathway. The biosynthetic pathway continues through several steps to anthocyanins, i.e. antohcyanidins which are the last link in the chain although they can be modified, too. In this paper was described the course of metabolic reactions that lead to the synthesis of anthocyanins. Some of the known degradation pathways and regulatory pathways that are consisted of genes related to biosynthetic and degradation pathways of anthocyanins are described. Regulatory genes and some of transcription factors related to anthocyanins are mentioned too. The primary task of this review was to present which environmental factors affect the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in plants, the mechanisms of action and which signal pathways are involved in this process. It is shown that the main environmental factor that can stimulate the biosynthesis of anthocyanins is electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet and visible part of spectra, and that the vast majority of other environmental factors such as heat stress, osmotic stress, pathogen attack and wounding cannot stimulate the biosynthesis of anthocyanins independently, but in combination with UV or visible light they can give a statistically significant increase in anthocyanins content. And finally, current research in this field have been commented, and presented some assumptions about further research on the topic.

• Keywords: antocijani; biosinteza antocijana; stres
• Keywords (english): anthocyanins; biosynthesis of anthocyanins; stress
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:783275
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-03-23 12:11:04