Zeolites are natural minerals that are widely investigated in the reduction of various forms of pollution. Zeolites sorb heavy metal ions from aqueous solution and form a product that has an antibacterial effect. We examined the effect of natural zeolite in E. coli, and Cu2O and ZnO nanoparticles deposited onto the zeolite in pure culture and in the native populations of the bacteria E. coli. Experiments were performed in autoclaved secondary effluent from the biological wastewater treatment plant. Natural zeolite has no antibacterial activity, but immobilizes bacteria on its surface (1,83±1,99 x 107 CFU/g), whereas metal oxide nanoparticles have good antibacterial activity on E. coli. Cu2O nanoparticles have better antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticles. Better antibacterial activity was found in native populations (after 1 hour both types of nanoparticles reached 100% inhibition and retain it also after 24 hours) than on pure cultures of bacteria (after 24 hours of Cu2O nanoparticles inhibited 87.24% of bacteria, and ZnO nanoparticles 53.72% of bacteria). Zeolite in wastewater treatment can be used for 5 days after which it loses antibacterial properties.