Dendritic cells (DC) are a heterogeneous group of potent, professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) with characteristic morphology and unique ability to induce a primary immune response. DCs capture and transfer information from the outside world to the cells of the adaptive immune system, they are important for the induction of tolerance and the regulation of the type of T cell mediated immune response. DCs produce cytokines and are susceptible to cytokine-mediated activation. The direction of the immune response depends on a complex interaction of immune cells and a number of other factors, where microenvironment in which the cells are located plays an important role. The general objective was to investigate the influence of different cytokines on DCs activation. The specific objectives were: to generate DC from porcine blood, to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of cytokine IFNγ and IL-4 on DC activation and to analyze IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12, IL-23 i TGFβ gene expression, as indicators of type of immune response that was induced trough specific cytokine. The results have shown that proinflammatory cytokine IFNγ activated DCs by causing increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-12, IL-23 and inhibiting the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGFβ, whereas treatment with anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 showed the opposite effect. It was also demonstrated that cytokine concentration has a distinct role in regulating expression levels trough dose-dependent mechanism.