Assessment of pollution exposure in Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 using oxidative stress biomarkers

master's thesis

• Title: Procjena izloženosti dagnje (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) onečišćenju mora upotrebom biomarkera oksidativnog stresa
• Author: Iva Sabolić
• Mentor: Anamaria Štambuk (mentor)
• Committee member: Anamaria Štambuk (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sandra Radić Brkanac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Galov (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maria Špoljar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-06-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Oksidativni stres, poremećaj u ravnoteži između produkcije slobodnih kisikovih radikala i antioksidativne obrane organizma, može dovesti do štete na staničnim strukturama i poremetiti vitalne funkcije organizma. Zaštitu od toksičnosti slobodnih radikala stanicama omogućuje kompleksni sustav antioksidativne obrane te se oksidativna oštećenja i aktivnosti antioksidativnih enzima smatraju dobrim biomarkerima za analizu utjecaja okolišnog stresa na organizam. Glavni ciljevi ovog rada bili su utvrditi utjecaj kvalitete okoliša, sezonalnosti i adaptacijskih mehanizama na biomarkere oksidativnog stresa u dagnje (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Analizirano je 6 biomarkera: katalaza, glutation reduktaza, glutation S-transferaze, acetilkolinesteraza, karbonili i malondialdehidi. Biomarkeri su spektrofotometrijski određeni u 15 nativnih populacija dagnji s istočne obale Jadranskog mora, u jedinkama izlaganim povećanim koncentracijama bakra u laboratoriju te u dagnjama transplantiranim na postaje različite kvalitete okoliša. Rezultati bioloških analiza su integrirani s kemijskim analizama tkiva dagnji. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali iznimnu varijabilnost svih biomarkera. Utvrđena je sezonalna varijabilnost te različit odgovor antioksidativnih enzima s obzirom na kvalitetu okoliša. Biomarkeri mjereni u kavezno izlaganim jedinkama najbolji su pokazatelj kvalitete okoliša. Jedinke u mezokozmos eksperimentu nisu pokazale populacijski učinak fenotipskog odgovora na stres te nisu utvrđene nedvosmislene korelacije između koncetracija određenih teških metala u tkivu nativnih jedinki i indukcije specifičnih biomarkera.

Abstract (english)

Oxidative stress, a disturbance in the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses, can result in damage to cell structures and disturbance of vital functions. Protection against toxicity of free radicals is provided by a complex antioxidative defense system and, consequently, oxidative damage and activity of antioxidant enzymes are considered useful biomarkers for analysis of environmental stress responses in organisms. The main purpose of this work was to identify the effect of environmental quality, seasonality and adaptation mechanisms on oxidative stress biomarkers in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). 6 biomarkers were analysed: catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferases, acetylcholinesterase, carbonyl content and malondialdehyde. The biomarkers were determined by spectrophotometry in 15 native mussels populations from east Adriatic coast, in individuals exposed to copper in mesocosm and mussels transplanted to sites of different environmental quality. Biological analyses were integrated with data from chemical analyses of mussels tissue. Results showed high variability of biomarker responses. Sesonal variability and diverse response of antioxidative enzymes to different environment quality was detected. Biomarkers measured in caged mussels provided the best indication of the envrionemntal quality. Mussels in mesocosm experiment didn't show population effect of phenotypic stress response, nor were unambiguous correlations found between specific heavy metals and biomarker induction in native populations.

• Keywords: Mytilus galloprovincialis; oksidativni stres; biomarkeri; mezokozmos; ransplanti; teški metali
• Keywords (english): Mytilus galloprovincialis; oxidative stress; biomarkers; mesocosm; transplants; heavy metals
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:124159
• Study programme: Title: Ekologija i zaštita prirode; Study programme type: sveučilišni; Study level: diplomski; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode (magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-05-12 08:24:50